What is backend and frontend?

Websites, which are the basic elements of the internet world, have a meticulous implementation process that continues after the design process until they reach internet users. A meticulous work is carried out from the stage of visual design of the website to the software stage, which is defined as the construction process of the website. In addition to all these, the entry of the content to be included in the site and the security infrastructure before it goes live stand out as the basic steps of this process. Back End and Front End are two different faces of the web industry.
The software team also has great responsibilities in the construction process, which begins with the approval of the design prepared by the graphic design team in the creation of the website. The most common concepts in the software world are known as front-end and back-end. As a matter of fact, when you look at the job postings of companies looking for software developers, different areas of expertise such as front-end developer and back-end developer attract attention. Let’s take a closer look at these two concepts that complement each other and form the software infrastructure of the website…
What is Front End?
Since front-end development usually comes before back-end development in practice, it would be useful to clarify this concept first. When you open a website in a browser, you see many elements such as menus, images, colors and fonts. All the design features you see on this screen are the work of a front-end developer. In other words, everything that users can see and interact with on a website, that is, click and navigate, is implemented at the front-end stage of the software.
In this regard, front-end software developers undertake a major task in the construction of a website. They are the people who best test the user experience, which we call UX in the web world. Front-end developers are the software developers who facilitate the user’s work within the website and take responsibility for ensuring that they are satisfied with the overall design and functional features of the site. This stage is an important process to master as it requires the simultaneous use of technical and visual design skills. At the same time, the following coding languages, libraries and platforms are used in the front-end part of the website:
• HTML,
• CSS,
• JavaScript,
• Backbone,
• Bootstrap,
• AngularJS Foundation,
• EmberJS,
• jQuery,
• LESS
What is Back End? What Does a Back End Developer Do?
After the design of the front-end part of the website, where users are invited and first interact, is completed, the back-end development phase of the website begins. This stage is the face of the website where the system and software part works. The back-end phase of an average website includes the following elements:
• Server
• Application base and
• Database
In order for these components to work smoothly and harmoniously with each other, back-end software work comes into play. In order to ensure smooth and stable operation, back-end developers work to prepare the application with Ruby, PHP, Java and Python. In the later stages of this process, back-end software developers find the necessary data with the help of tools such as mySQL, Oracle and SQL server, save or change this data and serve it at the end of the process, ensuring that the website runs smoothly.
Nowadays, it is almost considered a necessity for an average back-end developer to be able to use platforms such as Zend, CakePHP, Symfony and to be familiar with version control software such as GIT, CVN, CNS. Programs developed for this purpose help the website design process to progress faster and the software team to complete their projects in easier collaboration.
In the initial process of a new website project, the back-end developer first implements the database schema. Then, it selects the libraries to be used in this process and begins to prepare the background of the system. In this way, the construction process of the website begins by moving on to the coding part of the work. If we talk about the differences between two software developers, we can give an example from a theater play. Everything from the decorations on the theater stage to the clothes of the actors is the product of front-end software development work, and the entire process behind the theater stage is the product of the back-end part.
What are the Tools Needed for Front End Development?
As we mentioned before, the concept of front-end software is the part where a website experiences the user experience. Therefore, there are some professional tools used in web design processes during the front-end development process. Generally, the tools and codes used by front-end software developers and designers consist of the following:
• Adobe XD program,
• Adobe Photoshop program,
• Sketch program,
• HTML code knowledge,
• CSS code information,
• JavaScript code knowledge,
• JQuery code knowledge
An expert front-end developer is responsible for the development and design of the front end of the website.

Using this program and coding, it carries out all design works such as fonts, drop-down menus, transitions, sliders and contact forms. In order for the information added to these elements in the front-end part of the website to be stored and implemented smoothly, the back-end software development process is used.
What are the Tools Needed for Back End Development?
There are some programs and tools used in the back-end software phase, which consists of a server, an application and a database. The software languages and databases needed to create the back-end part of the website and use it smoothly are as follows:
• PHP software language,
• Ruby programming language,
• Python programming language,
• MySql database,
• PostgreSQL database and
• Oracle database
In addition to all these, frameworks used in development such as Zend, Laravel and Code Igniter are also important so that back-end developers can quickly complete the software design process.
How to Become an Expert in Back End Development?
As you can see, a stable website can only be created when web design and web development come together. Therefore, although both front-end and back-end stages consist of different tasks, they are essentially necessary for the website to be designed and used smoothly. Although it is rare to come across software developers who can handle these two different stages at a professional level, there are people who have these skills. These people are known as “full-stack developers” in the web world. These software developers can complete both the front-end and back-end parts of a website project on their own.
You can become a back-end developer expert through the online platform. It is known that most back-end professionals choose PHP among popular coding languages. You can also become a successful back-end software developer by taking the necessary courses in these coding languages and improving yourself. Whatever your goal, you can determine your own roadmap for back-end development by understanding what you do and why you do it.
How Much Do Back End Web Developers Earn on Average?
When making a career decision that will affect your future, back-end software developer salaries will definitely be a topic you are curious about. Apart from the duties undertaken by website developers and the tools they use, there is also a question about the financial aspect of the job. To put it simply, back-end developer salaries vary from country to country. In countries where the average income is low, back-end software developer salaries will naturally remain at lower levels than their counterparts in developed countries. However, when looked at on a national basis, the monthly earnings of back-end software developers are well above the average.
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If you want to learn all the details about Front End and Back End, determine which of these two fields is more suitable for you, or continue your life as a full stack developer, you can click on the image below.